Let's learn grammar 「～に～」

Hello guys!
It's time to learn Japanese grammar!
In this lesson, we will learn how to use ''～に～''.
It's a kind of postpositional particle.
''に'' can be translated as ''at'', ''for'', ''to'', ''in'' etc..
Yes, postpositional particle is always complicated. :/
Anyway, let's have a look :)



First of all, I'll show you the usage of ''に'' as a particle.


・Place に To go/To come
・Place に To exist/To be
・Person に To give, To say, To let, etc.
・Person に To be given from, to be taught by
・Object に To do something
・Cause に To worry, To lead,
・Time に To do something, To be finished in,



Mainly ''に'' is used in these cases.
I know it's hard to remember which particle you should use.
But if you use particles correctly your Japanese will sound natural. 
You'll get used to using them soon :)



Let's have a look at each one.
では、一つ一つ見ていきましょう(/・ω・)/








・「場所」''に''　行く/向かう。//To go to Place.

　　e.g.家　に　帰る。//Go back to home.

In this case,
''に'' represents the place/location for purpose of the action.

Examples,
・買い物　に　行く。//To go shopping.
・釣り　に　行く。 //To go fishing.
・机の上　に　置く。//To put (something) on the desk.







 ・「場所」''に''　ある/いる。//To be in Place

　　e.g. 先生は教室　に　いる。//My teacher is in the crassroom.

In this case,
''に'' represents the place where substance is existing in.

Examples,
・動物園　に　パンダはいますか？//Is there a Panda in the zoo.
・リンゴが机の上　に　ある。 //There is an apple on the desk.







・「人」''に''　何かをする。//To give, To say, To let to Person.

 　　e.g.彼女　に　チョコをあげた。//(I) gave a chocolate to her.

In this case,
''に'' represents the person who action was taken.

Examples,
・先生　に　聞く。//To ask my teacher.
・生徒　に　教える。//To teach students.
・友達　に　言った。//(I) said (something) to my friend.





・「人」に　何かをされる。//To be given from, to be taught by, To be done something by Person

 　　e.g.彼女　に　チョコをもらった。//(I) got a chocolate from her.

In this case,
''に'' represents the purson who caused the action.


Examples,
・先生　に　教わった。//(I) was taught by the teacher.
・友達　に　言われた。//(I) was said (something) by my friend. (My friend told me)






 ・「対象」''に''　何かをする。//To do something for Object, To be something for Object

　　e.g. 紙　に　字を書く。//To write letters on a paper.

In this case,
''に'' represents the Object which action is for.

Example,
・ペンギンは寒さ　に　強い。//Penguins are strong against the cold.







・「原因」''に''　悩む/なる。//To suffer from, To become Cause

　　e.g. 人間関係　に　悩む。//To suffer from human relations.

In this case,
 ''に'' represents the Cause.

Examples,
・それが原因　に　なる。//It will be the cause.
・お酒　に　酔う。//To get drunk with alcohol.　






 ・「時間」''に''　何かする/終わる。//To do something, To be finished at Time

　　e.g. ７時　に　起きる。//To get up at 7 o'clock.

In this case,
 ''に'' represents the Time.

Examples,
・２時　に　終わる。//To end at 2 o'clock.
・明日まで　に　終わらせる。//(I) will finish (it) by tomorrow.










Phew, It's really hard to remember all of them, isn't it?
These cases above are a mere example.
Postpositional particles would bother you.
But please do not neglect to learn them.
Like I said, if you used them correctly your Japanese would sound natural.
Trust me :)
In the end, let me give you some exercises.





Exercises,
 ・買い物（　　）行く。//To go shopping.
 ・友達は教室（　　）いる。//My friend is in the crassroom.
 ・生徒（　　）教える。//To teach students.
 ・先生（　　）教わった。//(I) was taught by the teacher.
 ・紙（　　）字を書く。//To write letters on a paper.
 ・お酒（　　）酔う。//To get drunk with alcohol.
 ・７時（　　）起きる。//To get up at 7 o'clock.







How was today's lesson?
Yes, I know this is a hard part of learning Japanese.
It takes a long time to get used to postpositional particles.
Just practice and try to make a sentence. :)
If you have any question plz ask me anytime.
I want to help you as much as I can.
So please follow my HelloTalk ID(hiro07.WDLJ) and Twitter(@learnjaphiro).
I'm looking forward to seeing your sentence.　(/・ω・)/
I hope my blog helps you learn Japanese.
Thanks.
Peace.















Answers,
・買い物（　に　）行く。//To go shopping.
・友達は教室（　に　）いる。//My friend is in the crassroom.
・生徒（　に　）教える。//To teach students.
・先生（　に　）教わった。//(I) was taught by the teacher.
・紙（　に　）字を書く。//To write letters on a paper.
・お酒（　に　）酔う。//To get drunk with alcohol.
・７時（　に　）起きる。//To get up at 7 o'clock.